Few novel 3-(5-(arylazo)-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones (3a-e) were synthesized by condensation of 2-phenyl-3-amino quinazolinones-4-(3H)-one (1) with 5-arylazo salicylaldehydes (2a-e). The structures of these novel compounds have been established on the basis of chemical transformation reactions, element analysis, and interpretation of spectral data produced from IR, 1H NMR, Mass spectra. The biological activities of the synthesized compounds was done in-vitro against four different bacteria strains that is E. coli, S. aureus, B. thurengienesis and E. aerogenes using disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was calculated in mm and compared against the standard drug Chloramphenicol. The results revealed that the synthesized compounds can be used as better antibacterial agents.

Ethanolic extracts from leaf, stem and root parts of Jatropha curcas which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae were evaluated for potential antifungal activity against fungal pathogen of vegetable beans. The present study is aimed at evaluating the in-vitro antifungal activity of ethanolic extracts of Jatropha curcas plant against Alternaria alternata, Fusarium pallidoroseum, Curvularia lunata and Macrophomina phaseolina. The leaf, stem and root parts of Jatropha curcas were collected and shade dried and extracted using ethanol in soxhlet assembely. Antifungal activity of leaf, stem and root extracts were tested against fungal pathogens of vegetable beans using disc diffusion method. The leaf extracts were very effective against fungal pathogens of vegetable beans in comparison to stem and root extracts. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanol extract revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids and reducing sugars in all plant parts viz. leaf, stem and root parts while alkaloids, glycosides and triterpenoids were present in leaf extracts. The observed inhibitory potential could be ascribed to the presence of secondary metabolites in the ethanol extracts. Thus the leaf, stem and root extracts in the ethanol can possibly be exploited in the management of fungal diseases of vegetable beans in an ecofriendly way.

The compound 2-(2-chlorophenylaminothiazole-5-oyl)-N-methyl-6-chlorobenzimidazole was characterized by IR spectral data. The optimized molecular geometry, bond lengths, bond angle and dihedral angle of the titled compound have been investigated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, using B3LYP method with 3-21G basis set available in Gaussian ’09 package. The results indicate that B3LYP method is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting vibrational frequencies and structural parameters. The IR spectra are obtained and assigned by vibrational analysis and found to be reliable compared with the literature observation. The Mulliken population analysis on atomic charges has been computed using DFT calculation. The lowering in the HOMO and LUMO energy gap explains the eventual charge transfer interactions that take place within the molecule.

The impact of the quality, life cycle of management towards the production and consumer satisfaction has become a major concern with product development, manufacturing, and maintaining the standards as per the requirements. Thus, the product to be sustained in the market and worldwide should meet the standards that makes the manufacturer and service provider to concentrate on the trademark registration. The need for registration is recognized by all the countries and thus they stepped ahead for making treaties, agreements and arranging conventions. This manuscript emphasis on comparative study of trademark registration procedures in the various countries like India, Australia, China, European Union, UK and USA. The key regulatory bodies that are governing these procedures are conversed in this article. The regulations that are assigned for the registration of the trademark by the governed body are to be stringently followed for the outcome of good quality product into the market.

The present study was carried out to screen the preliminary phytochemicals of Gracilaria textorii (Suring.) J. Ag. from Kanyakumari coast, the south east coast of Tamil Nadu, India. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted in seven extracts namely methanol, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, hexane and benzene by Harborne method. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, anthocyanin, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, catechin, coumarins, diterpenes, emodins, flavonoids, glycosides, leucoanthocyanin, lignins, phenols, phlobatannins, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids and triterpenoids. From the results, it was observed that the extracts of Gracilaria textorii (Suring.) J. Ag. showed the presence of variety active secondary metabolites. The current report will show the way to the isolation and characterization of the particular active secondary metabolites for the further research in future.

In the present study, screening of hepatoprotective potential of Lobophora variegata (Lamour.) Womersley ex Oliviera collected from Hare Island, Thoothukudi in the south east coast of Tamil Nadu, India was analyzed. The methanolic extract of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Lobophora variegata (Lamour.) Womersley ex Oliviera showed significant hepatoprotective activity in both doses as evidenced by the data obtained. Among the two concentrations of methanolic extract studied, 200mg/kg methanolic extract was found to show more active as compared to 400mg/kg methanolic extract. The results showed for the first time Lobophora variegata (Lamour.) Womersley ex Oliviera for hepatoprotective activity, a property that could lead to the application in useful health care.

Global population scale is daily increasing violently and this population needs enough food production and supply. For which, crop productivity needs to be improved by using strategies which should be free of bio-safety and ethical issues and crop harvest index is hampering by both the biotic and abiotic insults. These ailments can be surpassed by using novel miRNA based gene editing strategy and these miRNAs are the small non-coding RNAs over expressed under harsh environmental conditions, these miRNAs are nullifies the stress susceptible gene expression by translation inhibition/ RNA DICER formation. MiRNA research has been given an opportunity to develop the crop plants by using non-transgenesis approach. This review will be helpful in the development various crop plants tolerant to various abiotic stresses by using miRNA approach and also given an idea for the digging of miRNAs in maize after imposing various stresses like drought, salt and heat stress. The recent advancements in miRNA research has been given space to identification and characterization of miRNAs under different stress imposed plants and these miRNAs are most useful for the drought and heat stress prone vulnerable crops such as maize, rice and other cereals.

Plants produce a diverse range of bioactive molecules, making a rich source of different types of medicines. Natural products play an important role in drug development programs in the pharmaceutical industries. Artemisia pallens commonly known as Dhavana is an aromatic herb belonging to the family Asteraceae. This review examines the ethno botany, Phytochemistry, medicinal uses, and pharmacological evaluation studies of Artemisia Pallens. Phytochemical studies of the root, stem, bark, leaves, fruits, seeds and seed oil of Artemisia pallens showed the presence of alkaloid, phenols, phenylpropanoids, glycosides, lignans, flavonoids, saponin, triterpene, steroids, fatty acids, fatty esters hydrocarbons and miscellaneous compounds which could be used in traditional medicines to cure various health issues. Many of which are responsible for various biological activities such as analgesic, anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-nociceptive, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, hepato-protective, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-malarial, anti-leishmanial, anti-cancer, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, anticonvulsant, anti-promastigote, anti-convulsant, anxiolytic and anti-depressant. Artemisia pallens, phytochemicals shows both antibacterial and antifungal activity and is used to treat disease caused by Bacillus lentus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, klebsicella pneumonia, Salmonella paratyphi and fungal strains like Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus parasiticus and Monascuspurpureus1,2,6.

In the present work, RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Alogliptin and Metformin HCl in tablet dosage form. In this method, separation was done using Agilent C18 (150 X 4.6 mm, 5µ) and phosphate buffer of pH adjusted to 3.0 with 0.1% OPA and methanol in the ratio of 20:80 v/v as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.7 min/ml. The optimum detection wavelength was 242 nm. The method was validated for its linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness. The system suitability parameters were passed and linearity was observed in the range of 10-30µg/ml of Alogliptin and Metformin HCl. The accuracy was performed and % recovery was found to be 99.90% and 99.99% for Alogliptin and Metformin HCl respectively. Thus a sensitive, accurate, specific, precise method was developed for the simultaneous determination of Alogliptin and Metformin HCl in tablet dosage form by RP-HPLC Method.

Objective: The present investigation was circumspectly carried out on cultivation of Pleurotus eous using agricultural wastes such as paddy straw and sugar cane leaves. Methods: The fastest spawn running was observed in paddy straw when compared to sugar cane straw. Harvesting of Pleurotus eous with different substrates of three flushes and the maximum total yields were observed in paddy straw (2 kg) compared sugar cane (1 kg). In biochemical composition, the highest percentage was observed in protein compared to carbohydrates in both the substrates. Results: The preliminary phytochemicals showed the presence of six bioactive compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins and proteins from ethanolic extract of Pleurotus eous. HPLC, five peaks corresponds to five bioactive compounds like Ergosterol, Phenyl, β- glucan, Pectin and Alpha-hydroxylase. Free radical scavenging activity of total antioxidant capacity and Nitric Oxide (NO) was observed from ethanolic extract of Pleurotus eous. Both the antioxidant activities were compared with standard ascorbic acid. The percentage of inhibition in both the antioxidant assays were higher in increased concentrations. Ethanolic extract of Pleurotus eous was against human pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsilla pneumoniae. The better range of inhibition was shown against Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Klebsilla pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence, Conclusion: The present study was carried for Pleurotus eous can be used as treatment for several disease caused by human pathogenic bacteria.