A simple, rapid, accurate and reproducible UV method was developed for quantification of Dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate (DP) in bulk and marketed tablets utilizing Methanol: Water (1:3) and Methanol: Water (3:1) as solvent blends. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines for linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, specificity and robustness. The response was found to be linear in the drug concentration range of 2-10µg/ml, correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9998 and 0.9995 for DP in two solvent blends. The LOD and LOQ for DP were found to be 0.049 to 0.0452µg/ml and 0.149 to 0.137µg/ml respectively for two solvent blends. The proposed method shows good percentage recovery of DP i.e., 99 to101 from marketed tablets in two solvent blends for DP, which indicates that the proposed method was highly accurate. The specificity of the method shows good correlation between recoveries of sample solution by standard addition method. Therefore, the proposed method specifically quantify the analyte in the sample without interference from excipients of pharmaceutical dosage forms.

This study evaluates the anti-lithic and anti-inflammatory properties of four natural substances-Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica), pomegranate (Punica granatum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum)-with the aim of identifying potential plant-based therapies for kidney stones and associated inflammation. Aqueous extracts of each sample were analysed using nucleation and aggregation assays to assess antilithic activity, complexometric titration for calcium ion estimation, and the egg albumin assay for anti-inflammatory potential. Results from the nucleation assay showed that coriander had the strongest antilithic effect, while horse gram was most effective in the aggregation assay. Indian gooseberry displayed the highest calcium-regulating ability over 48 hours, suggesting prolonged efficacy in stone prevention. The egg albumin assay revealed Indian gooseberry as the most potent anti-inflammatory agent. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed across all samples. The findings highlight the therapeutic promise of these natural substances, particularly horse gram and Indian gooseberry, in managing kidney stones and inflammation.

This study examines the lipid oxidation kinetics and evaluates the antioxidant, antilipidemic and analgesic properties of selected Indian spices-clove, cinnamon, and turmeric-combined with edible oils like mustard and sunflower oil. Lipid peroxidation was measured using the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay, with malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of oxidative degradation. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH and FRAPS assays, while analgesic potential was evaluated using the nitric oxide (NO) inhibition method. Among the tested samples, clove consistently showed greater ability to reduce lipid oxidation, free radical scavenging activity and NO production. Turmeric and cinnamon also demonstrated beneficial effects, though with comparatively lower activity. Mustard oil exhibited better oxidative stability than sunflower oil and 50-50 oil blend further improved stability. Overall, the incorporation of these spices into edible oils may provide a natural method to reduce oxidative stress, support lipid balance and assist in inflammation management. These findings suggest practical applications in the development of functional foods and natural therapeutic formulations.